Input of plant protection products into groundwater via bank filtration

Plant protection products (PPPs) can be transported from the target area to other environmental compartments, e.g. groundwater. To minimize potential negative impacts, their environmental fate is assessed as part of the PPPs authorization process. Bank filtration describes the process where surface water infiltrates into groundwater systems, transporting dissolved or particulate compounds through the subsurface. The report provides a literature review of the state of the art on the processes and influencing factors of bank filtration, summarises bank filtration rates for pesticides, and evaluates the suitability of the model Exposit 3.02 to represent the removal of PPPs via bank filtration.