… spruce and pine trees, crown defoliation was higher than after the extreme year of 2003. As far as deciduous trees are concerned, the values fluctuated strongly from … forest condition in respect of beech, spruce and pine trees was worse than after 2003, the ‘summer of the century’. As far as oak trees are concerned, there has been … spruce and pine trees, crown defoliation was higher than after the extreme year of 2003. As far as deciduous trees are concerned, the values fluctuated strongly from …

… show that beetle infestations caused as a result of the heat and drought year 2003 increased rapidly in nearly all the Federal Länder examined. The after-effects … of damaged timber again reached roughly the level experienced in the hot summer of 2003. After the warm summer of 2015, the volume of damaged timber first increased … show that beetle infestations caused as a result of the heat and drought year 2003 increased rapidly in nearly all the Federal Länder examined. The after-effects …