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  • Article from 26.03.2019 | Last changed: 19.02.2020

    Building air conditioning

    A lot of room air conditioners hangig on the face of a building

    … on natural refrigerants such as ammonia or hydrocarbon. Study: Sustainable cooling supply for building air conditioning and industry in Germany The study by the ILK … needs in the building and industrial sectors which could potentially be supplied by heat-driven refrigeration systems instead of compression type … developments and regulatory framework for criteria development Sustainable cooling supply for building air conditioning and industry in Germany Tags air-conditioning …

  • Article from 21.08.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Heat pumps

    Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe

    … halogen-free refrigerants, they are especially environmentally friendly because the global warming potentials of these refrigerants are very low and no persistent … halogen-free refrigerants, they are especially environmentally friendly because the global warming potentials of these refrigerants are very low and no persistent …

  • Article from 30.06.2024 | Last changed: 30.05.2024

    Supermarket refrigeration

    indoor sight of a supermarket

    … air conditioning systems. This also affects HFC refrigerant blends with a medium global warming potential (GWP) such as R-454C (GWP = 146), R-455A (GWP = 146) or … Documents Supermarket Refrigeration: Environmentally Sound Alternatives (1.21 MB) Global Warming Potential (GWP) of certain substances and mixtures (341.92 kB) Tags …

  • Article from 08.10.2020 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Application domains and emission reduction

    … blowing agents, propellants, fire extinguishing agents and solvents, contribute to global warming. This has prompted the development of numerous alternative solutions. … lists the UBA’s proposed classifications for substitute substances, based on their global warming potential, and discusses both these proposed solutions and other …

  • Article from 27.06.2025 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    German emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases

    … alternative refrigerants: natural, halogen-free alternatives and F-gases with lower global warming potentials (GWP values). F-gas emissions in Germany Source: … alternative refrigerants: natural, halogen-free alternatives and F-gases with lower global warming potentials (GWP values). … German emissions of fluorinated greenhouse …

  • Article from 20.07.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Persistent fluorinated greenhouse gases

    The atmospheric concentration increases. It was 10 ppt in 2020.

    … greenhouse gases are characterized by a long atmospheric residence time and a global warming potential well above 5000 CO 2 equivalents. They are not degraded in … measured in the atmosphere. Complete global emission data are not available. Globally, SF 6 is often replaced by NF 3 or PFC. As a result, the concentration of …

  • Article from 20.07.2023 | Last changed: 10.10.2025

    Emissions and degradation products

    Look from outer space: the Indian Ocean

    … and insulating gas in switchgears. Some of these substances have an extremely high Global Warming Potential. last update on 20.07.2023 Climate protection programmes … UNFCCC inventory submissions Tags propellant F-gases perfluorinated hydrocarbons global warming potential refrigerant Framework Convention on Climate Change … …

  • Article from 04.04.2024 | Last changed: 04.04.2024

    Fluorinated greenhouse gases and fully halogenated CFCs

    blue sky and white clouds

    … halogenated CFCs Some fluorinated greenhouse gases, halons and CFCs have very high global warming potential. Source: CC Vision Substances such as chlorofluorocarbons … replaced by much more climate-friendly substances. The agreement paves the way to a globally binding regulation. The EU had already introduced corresponding regulations …

  • Article from 24.07.2019 | Last changed: 04.11.2021

    Safe management of drinking water supplies

    Scheme of the Water Safety Plan concept: What can go wrong in our water supply? What risks does this cause for our supply? How can we control them? How do we know that they are under control?

    Safe management of drinking water supplies Safe drinking-water management Source: UBA: WSP-Handbuch Drinking-water is … of the type of raw water source used, the size or the complexity of the water supply. For practical implementation of the WSP-approach, WHO has developed a number … and thus strengthens due diligence and organizational confidence of the water supplying entity. Applying WSP also improves the knowledge of the locally relevant …

  • Article from 29.12.2022 | Last changed: 02.01.2023

    Identifying and managing flood risks

    Comprehensive and river basin-wide management is needed to deal with floods.

    … Daseinsvorsorge.   Wasser und Abfall 23, 13–18 (2021).   Tags climate change global warming flood … Managing the hazards and risks posed by floods includes …

  • Article from 15.03.2016 | Last changed: 15.03.2016

    Dioxins

    Dioxin

    … since 1989, yet proper disposal that does not pollute the environment remains a global problem. What are the main sources of dioxine in the environment? Up until … or grass by soil particles. Dioxins in soil are largely transported to the food chain via these adherent soil particles. Use of contaminated soil as pasture or …

  • Article from 22.01.2024 | Last changed: 02.02.2024

    SAICM

    Picture of the UN building with flags in front of it

    … to individual chemicals. Low-income countries bear the greatest burden. As the global turnover of chemicals will almost double again in the period up to 2030, as … Logo Source: www.saicm.org Associated content Links SAICM website Nach der ICCM5: Globales Rahmenwerk für Chemikalien (GFC) UBA-Hintergrundpapier zu SAICM 2016 Flyer: …