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  • Article from 11.03.2016 | Last changed: 11.03.2016

    Discovery, exploration and conservation of Antarctica

    … and gaining access to its remote regions. An impressive international treaty on its use for peaceful purposes and protection has developed since the mid-20th century. … the people at that time believed there must be a massive continent to balance the land masses they knew in the northern hemisphere. They called this unknown continent … In the 1980s the Consultative Parties attempted to establish regulations on mineral resource activities in Antarctica. Environmental groups such as Greenpeace and World …

  • Article from 23.07.2013 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Human presence in the Antarctic

    The presence of humans poses a threat to the ecosystem.

    … Cook (1728-1779) ventured further south than any human being before him, ultimately landing in South Georgia, an island in the Southern Ocean. It took another 50 years … continent aboard ships. The arrival of humans means a threat to the ecosystem Because of its remote location and extreme climate conditions, all human activities in …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Fauna of the Antarctic

    The Adélie penguin is one of five penguin species which breed in the Antarctic.

    … total incidence of one billion tonnes in the Antarctic, krill is the basic food resource for many living creatures such as squid, bony fish, penguins and sea birds, … who are endemic as breeders on the continent, the adjacent ice or neighbouring islands. The most well known species is the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), … penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus), and the Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae). Because of the cold ocean current, the other penguin species live on sub-Antarctic …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Climate of the Antarctic

    Its extremely low temperatures make Antarctica the coldest continent on Earth.

    … the South Pole is inclined towards the sun and there are 24 hours of daylight. Because of the ecliptic plane, that is the tilt of the earth's axis of 23.5° in relation … in central East Antarctica. As a rule, temperatures decrease with distance inland because the effects of the ocean do not cool down the coasts considerably. The …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Geology of the Antarctic

    The Antarctic continent is located on a continental plate called the Antarctic Plate.

    … which cover the Antarctic continent today, it is hard to imagine that Antarctica used to be fertile land and completely free of ice. Some 170 million years ago Antarctica was still …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 27.01.2016

    The geography of the Antarctic

    Enormous ice shelves float on the ocean, connected to a glacier onshore.

    … 60° latitude South as 'the Antarctic', that is, the continent (‘Antarctica’), its islands and the ocean. The continent alone covers a surface area of about 13.5 million … from West Antarctica with the Antarctic Peninsula. They extend across Victoria Land to Coats Land at the Weddell Sea. Their length of 3,500 km makes them the fifth …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Satellite-based penguin monitoring

    The retreat of the Antarctic sea ice is also a threat to chinstrap penguins

    … which they provide usually serve to continue valuable long-term data sets. Because of the great numbers of colonies (many of which have probably not yet been … Visitor Guidelines for the Antarctic Monitoring penguin colonies in the Antarctic using remote sensing data Tags active monitoring Antarctica earth observation … which they provide usually serve to continue valuable long-term data sets. Because of the great numbers of colonies (many of which have probably not yet been …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Environmental monitoring on King George Island

    The Fildes Region is subject to high pressure of use. Environmental monitoring helps to show its effects.

    Environmental monitoring on King George Island The Fildes Region is subject to high pressure of use. Environ. monitoring helps to show its effects Source: Christina Braun/FSU Jena … Cost allocation and incentive mechanisms for environmental, climate protection and resource conservation along global supply chains - Recommendations for selected …

  • Article from 27.01.2016 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Monitoring projects in the Antarctic

    Regular environmental monitoring records whether and how Antarctica is changing as result of human influence

    … It may only permit a planned activity if the activity entails no risk of causing detrimental changes in the distribution, abundance or productivity of animal … to the documentation of conditions after an activity so that possible changes caused by such activities can be recorded with precision. Such comprehensive … Whale monitoring in the Antarctic Environmental monitoring on King George Island  Satellite-based penguin monitoring Related contents Anwendungslabor für …

  • Article from 23.07.2013 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    Antarctica

    Map of the Antarctic

    … Antarctica Man has been fascinated by this vast ice landscape ever since its discovery. Source: Dorling Kindersley RF / Thinkstock … summer and the austral summer? The different seasons which prevail on earth are caused by the ecliptic plane, or the Earth's axial tilt of 23.5 degrees in its orbit …

  • Article from 23.07.2013 | Last changed: 29.02.2016

    The German Environment Agency and the Antarctic

    Protecting the Antarctic is one of the tasks of the Federal Environment Agency.

    … reporting activities , and drafting informational and position papers that are used by national and international institutions. UBA is also actively involved in … 2011 Evaluierung des Gefährdungsgrades der Gebiete Fildes Peninsula und Ardley Island und Entwicklung der Managementpläne zur Ausweisung als besonders geschützte …

  • Article from 29.02.2016 | Last changed: 09.12.2020

    Underwater noise

    … Underwater noise 08.12.2020 Underwater noise: Causes, effects and solution approaches Marine mammals use sound to search for food … is 20 dB quieter than elsewhere in the world. There is no exploration for mineral resources in the Antarctic or construction of offshore installations such as wind … publications Detrimental effects of underwater noise Noise effects of the use of land-based wind energy Screening study on hazardous substances in marine mammals of …