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  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    VE-I-1 + 2: Flood closures and low water restrictions on the Rhine

    … restrictions clearly indicate a trend that has been increasing significantly since 1997. VE-I-2: Low-water restrictions to shipping on the Rhine Source: … and latterly especially in 2018. For the Lower Rhine, the time series starting in 1997 shows a significant increase in low-water restrictions. The risk analysis … restrictions clearly indicate a trend that has been increasing significantly since 1997. … In meteorological and hydrological terms, 2018 was an extraordinary year …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.11.2025

    KM-I-1: Water temperature in the sea

    The picture shows a view of the surface of the sea from below. The sun’s rays are beaming through the water’s surface. The sea is coloured dark blue to turquoise-green.

    … surface temperature measured across the entire North Sea fell short of the August 1997 temperature of roughly 17.6 °C by just 0.2 °C. 68 In some locations and for … temperature in summer amounted to more than 1 °C above the long-term summer mean of 1997 to 2021 70 . Their storage, buffering and exchange functions give the Earth’s … surface temperature measured across the entire North Sea fell short of the August 1997 temperature of roughly 17.6 °C by just 0.2 °C. 68 In some locations and for …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 18.12.2024

    FiW-I-1:Claims ratio, combined ratio in homeowners’ comprehensive insurance

    The picture shows the top view of a building roofed with red tiles. To the right and left of the roof ridge you can see numerous large hailstones. Some of the roof tiles are broken.

    … German insurance companies managed to make an actuarial profit only in three years (1997, 1998 and 2001) as far as the homeowners’ comprehensive insurance segment is … German insurance companies managed to make an actuarial profit only in three years (1997, 1998 and 2001) as far as the homeowners’ comprehensive insurance segment is …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 12.12.2024

    LW-I-3: Hailstone damage in agriculture

    The picture shows a field of maize after a tempest. The maize plants are heavily damaged, with stalks snapped off. Between the plants, there are still areas of standing water.

    … brought some of the ten most severe hailstorms known to property insurers since 1997. Other hailstorm events in June in Lower Saxony and in July in Hesse, northern … brought some of the ten most severe hailstorms known to property insurers since 1997. Other hailstorm events in June in Lower Saxony and in July in Hesse, northern …

  • KomPass: Article from 28.11.2023 | Last changed: 20.09.2024

    Cluster Transport, transport infrastructure

    The picture shows a flooded dip in a road. There is a roadblock in the foreground indicating that the road is closed to traffic. A sign reading ‘Hochwasser’ (floodwater) is fixed to the roadblock. There are flooded meadows visible on both sides of the road.

    … the Lower Rhine, low-water restrictions have been increasing significantly since 1997. Any adverse effects on road transport and damage to road infrastructures, that … the Lower Rhine, low-water restrictions have been increasing significantly since 1997. Any adverse effects on road transport and damage to road infrastructures, that …