Publications | Umweltbundesamt

Climate | Energy

Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions

Islamic Republic of Iran Country Report

The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of the Islamic Republic of Iran under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of demand-side efficiency through energy-price reform, upstream oil and gas efficiency (with an emphasis...read more

Climate | Energy

Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions

Ethiopia Country Report

The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of Ethiopia under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of agriculture, forestry and low-emission transport.read more

Waste | Resources

The Use of Natural Resources: Report for Germany 2018

In 2012, Germany made a commitment to the conservation of natural resources through the Resource Efficiency Programme (ProgRess). Six years after its adoption, where do we find ourselves in Germany today? The German Environment Agency supports the implementation of ProgRess through a range of measures, including the production of this report on the use of natural resources in Germany, which is bei...read more

Climate | Energy, Economy | Consumption

1987–2017: 30th Anniversary of the Montreal Protocol

From the phase-out of CFCs to the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons

On 16 September 1987, 24 States and the European Community signed the Montreal Protocol. It initiated the mandatory phase-out of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and thus stopped the further destruction of the ozone layer by these substances. The switch to alternatives to CFCs with their high global warming potential also contributes to climate protection.Due to the worldwide implementation of the Montr...read more

Climate | Energy

Bringing climate policy up to date – decreasing cost projections for renewable energy and batteries and their implications

Discussion paper

A range of studies on nationally determined contributions (NDC) of parties to the Paris Agreement disclose, that temperature objectives of the Paris Agreement are not in reach if current NDCs are implemented. A new study, commissioned by German Environment Agency, compares pre2015 and latest levelized cost projections and shows, that certain key mitigation technologies, i.e. power generation from...read more

Economy | Consumption

Methodological Convention 3.0 for the Assessment of Environmental Costs - Cost Rates

Version 02/2019

The Methodological Convention 3.0 for the Assessment of Environmental Costs contains recommendations for methods to assess environmental costs (Part “Methods”) and provides new cost rates for emissions of greenhouse gases, air pollutants and noise, as well as for transport and energy generation (Part “Cost rates”). The cost rates show the benefit of environmental protection for society – and the c...read more

Chemicals, Health, Water

Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistances in the Environment

Background, Challenges and Options for Action

Environmental aspects have so far only partially been addressed in the discussion of antimicrobial resistance. To bring this issue into focus, UBA compiled background information and data on the topic 'Antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in the environment'. The results show that previously considered requirements for reduction, from the perspective of UBA, are insufficient to adequately prot...read more

Climate | Energy

Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions

Republic of Marshall Islands Country Report

The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of the Republic of Marshall Islands under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of transport – especially low-carbon domestic shipping – and waste reduction, disposal and processin...read more